The transistor - motheo oa thekenoloji semiconductor

Transistor - setho tsa kholiso, moloko o mong, 'me le bakeng sa ho fetola oscillations motlakase. Transistors ke tsa mefuta e 'meli: ferekanyang le tšimo.

Ferekanyang transistor - e semiconductor sesebediswa e bopilweng ka ba babeli pn junctions. Elemental transistor hahoa ka germanium kristale, e na prongs tse peli: e emitter le 'mokelli oa, e leng se amanang le holim'a metsi kristale, detached ho tloha mong ho e mong ka ho e leng sebaka sa 20-50 microns. Ka mantsoe a mang, e walkway kopanya emitter ho botlaaseng (it o bitsoa emitter mateano), 'me ea bobeli - the mokelli le botlaaseng (it o bitsoa' mokelli mateano). transistors ferekanyang ba arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli: pnp le npn.

Ea tšimo e le hantle transistor - e semiconductor sesebediswa, e laoloa ke phetoho ea tšimo, ho fapana ho likarolo ferekanyang, moo khumo jwale o ikemiselitse ka ho fetola ho input jwale. Field disebedisweng tse ding di odnozatvornymi le mnogozatvornymi.

Setshwantsho sa tlhohlomiso transistor e bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka tlase. Sekemeng ferekanyang elements ke e khutsoanyane-line motheo oa, e emela botlaaseng, eo ho eona ka 60 ⁰ le 120 ⁰ akarelletsa ho mela e 'meli diagonale, mola o le motsu - ke emitter, bobeli - the mokelli. tataiso ea motsu e bontša mofuta oa appliance. Motsu bontšang ho polokelongtshedimosetso - sena transistor pnp mofuta oa botlaaseng - npn. Perpendicular ho mola botlaaseng - e botlaaseng eleketrode. Bohlokoa ba conductivity ea motlakase oa emitter le lokela ho tseba ho hantle amahanya transistor ho phepelo matla. Seletsa pnp thaepa le 'mokelli le botlaaseng ke ho hlokahala hore ho fana ka e mpe gagamalo transistor le npn mofuta - e ntle. FETs ka litšoantšo li bontša ka tsela e latelang: hekeng entse tabanya bontshiweng, e tšoanang le letshwao kanale, conductivity ea le kanaleng emeloang ke metsu behoa pakeng tsa mohloli le a tsoelang. Ha lintlha motsu ka nģa ea le kanaleng, e bolela hore karolo e leng oa 'n'-mofuta, 'me haeba ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng, joale leq-mofuta. Setšoantšo sa tšimo e le hantle transistor le kotopo induction fapane ka lichapo tse tharo tse khutšoanyane. Haeba sesebelisoa tšimo na liheke tse 'maloa, dashes bona bontša khutšoanyane, pele moleng hekeng e kamehla behoa katoloso ya mola mohloding.

Qetellong, re eketsa hore ba transistors ha ba hang-hang o ile a khomarela lebitso leo, qalong ba bitsa semiconductor triodes (tšoanang thekenoloji tube,). E le hore le transistor - e transistor, oo e leng karolo ea controllable, ho e ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka ho switjha le ho hodisa lipotoloho. Ho haella ha matla, ho tšepahala, tse nyenyane litekanyo le theko - tsena ke menyetla ya sehlooho a maqheka ana, ka lebaka la ho e transistors ka dislodge tsoang makaleng a mangata a methapo bonono lephaka. Ka ba molemo ka sehloohong a maqheka semiconductor ke kgaello ya chesang cathode, e chesa matla bohlokoa, hammoho le tsa nka nako ea ho mofuthu tsoha. Ho phaella moo, transistor e tlase haholo ho feta lebone la motlakase 'me le khona ho sebetsa ka gagamalo tlaase. All ena e lumelloa ho fokotsa boholo ba lisebelisoa tsa elektronike.