Metropolitan - Metropolitan ea eona ... Russia kereke

Metropolitan - e hlomamisitsoeng le boemo bo phahameng ka kereke ea Bokreste. Pele ho buuoa ea molao ea sehlooho e tlalehiloeng ka ditokomane Ke Ecumenical Lekgotla, tšoareloa Nicaea ka 325. E boetse e ile a laeloa sebakeng sa hae ka sehlopha se busang sa.

The sehlopha se busang kereke

'Musong oa Roma, e leng motse o ka sehloohong oa profinseng eo bitsoa Metropolitan. Mobishopo, le lefapha, ke hore ho lula ha hae ka archdiocese le bitsoang Metropolitan.

Metropolitan - ke sehlooho phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya Bishop. mobishopo A (ho okamela, nadsmatrivayuschy) Ka lehlakoreng le leng e na le e phahameng lengolo la boraro boprista ka mor'a modiakone le moholo (aka le Moprista ea aka le FR). Ka lebaka leo, Bishop hangata ho thoeng ke mobishopo. "Arch" - eteni hore ba ne ba tsoa puo ea Segerike 'me o sebeletsa ho li bontša ba phahameng kereke maemo. Babishopo ba dioceses ho laoloa le ho mamela Metropolitan. Ha mobishopo ne e le khōlō, babishopo kapa babishopo, ho laola, li ne li bitsoa Archbishops. Russia Kereke ea Orthodox ea sehlooho sena tummeng ho ba feela ka mor'a Metropolitan.

ho se tšoane Link

Tsena palo e phahameng kereke sheba katiba e fapaneng - Hood. Babishopo apara bofifi, ba archbishops - Black le sefapano entsoe ka tšepe ea bohlokoa le majoe, le Metropolitans apara nt shwe tšoeu le sefapano e tšoanang. Ba fapana, 'me seaparo sa ka holimo. Ho joalo, babishopo le archbishops tse pherese kapa lefifi khubelu, Metropolitan - putsoa, Mopatriareka rwala ditlhako tsa ka seaparo sa ka holimo sa tala. Ka alima ea babishopo bohle ka liaparo ntsho. Metropolitan - sehlooho sena kakgolo. Kabelong ya sehlooho joalo ke mofuta oa moputso, manta, a le fa bakeng sa ditshebeletso tsa hae. The Russia Orthodox Church Sanov archbishops le metropolitans ba fuoa tlotla babishopo bakeng sa melemo ea botho pele kerekeng. Di fuoa le bakeng sa phela nako e telele.

E mong oa boholo-holo ho fetisisa

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore Metropolitan - ke sehlooho khale ka ho fetisisa ea kereke ea Bokreste. Bafuputsi ba bang ba sa Kereke ea lumela hore metropolitans ne baapostola, batho ba bang li akarelletsa ho hlaha ha taolo ena ho lekholong la lilemo la II, ha ho ne ho e hlokahalang ya bogareng bolaoli kereke. Le ka selemo sa 325 le 341 ba tshamekile ka la Bishops ea San ile feela ka ho feletseng hlomamisa. matla ba 'nile ba ngolisitsoeng, eo haholo e ile ea eketseha ka bophahamo ba modumo. Tsohle ile oa ngolisoa ka molao le ho laoloa, ha ea lokela ho ba le ho feta etsang hore khang efe kapa efe. Cathedral of Toledo, e neng e tšoaretsoe 589, esita le ho feta atolosoa molao toropokgolo - hona joale o ne a ka fana ka kotlo ho babishopo tlase. Ka kakaretso, thuto ea Bokreste e thehoa ka Makhotla a IV - VIII lilemo tse makholo. Lilemong tse latelang ba ne ba sa tlisa liphetoho leha e le efe ea bohlokoa.

pele

RUS ile a kolobetsoa a le qetellong ea X la lilemo, ha Prince Vladimir e Moholo. Maemong a mangata, e re ka selemo sa 988, empa ba bang ba bo-rahistori ba bitsa 'me a 991. Hape, ha ho na ya data e nepahetseng ka Metropolitan pele ba Kiev. Empa ho tloha lekholong la XVI, e nahana hore e ne e le Mikaele. Hape o ne a ka lebitso la Syria, hobane e ne e le tsa merabe kapa Segerike, kapa Syria.

Ho lumeloa hore ho Metropolitan Michael le baitlami, ea ileng a fihla ka ho eena, le khauta-domed Michael le Kyiv Mezhegorsky baitlami ho ile ha hahoa. Championship litlhōlisano Metropolitan Leonty, ba bang ba mehloli re e ne e le Metropolitan la hae la pele la letsatsi le tšoanang Board - lilemo tse 992-1008. Joale, ho ile Theophylact, John I, Feopemt, Kirill ke la Bagerike. Letsatsing la boto ea e mong le e ba bona ba hanyetsa. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore kaofela ha bona e ne e le basele.

Russia pele

Le feela ka ho amohela boemo sena 1051 eaba ba busa kereke ho fihlela 1054, Metropolitan Hilarion (Rusin) e ne e le compatriot. O ile a hlokahala ka 1088. kereke e ile ea o ile a etella nakong Yaroslava Mudrogo. Tlotlisoa ka mohalaleli - ka Kereke ea Orthodox e halalelang tsa boemo bo episcopal. O ea ka mongoli oa buka ea "Lentsoe la ka Molao le Grace," o ile a ngola ka 1030-1050, ka ho latellana. Ho phaella moo, o ile a ngola, "Thapelo", "Boipolelo oa Tumelo".

Metropolitan Hilarion a boela a ngola thoriso ea Yaroslav e Bohlale eo. dintlha tse nyenyane haholo ka bophelo ba Hilarion, empa "The Tale tsa fetileng Years" e bontša hore kahong ea Lavra Kiev-Pechersk ile ea qala ka 1051, ke hore, nakong ea puso ea Hilarion. Ka Novgorod II Chronicle e bolela hore ka 1054 ho Metropolitan ea Kiev-ba Efraime. Sena se bontša hore hang-hang ka mor'a lefu la hae ka 1054 ke Yaroslav Mudrogo Illarion ile tlosoa.

Mosebetsi mohalaleli le mohlolo o

palo ea bohlokoa haholo historing ea Kereke ea Orthodox ea Russia e ne e le Metropolitan Alexy. Ke eena mohalaleli oa tse peli tse tummeng Moscow le All Russia, ea Bapatriareka - Alexis I (Sergey Vladimirovich Simansky, Mopatriareka ho tloha 1945 ho 1970), le Alexy II (Aleksey Mihaylovich Ridiger, Mopatriareka ho tloha 1990 ho 2008).

Tla tsoa lelapeng la boyar, mora Fodora Byakonta, mothehi oa ba malapa a 'maloa le likelello tse kang Pleshcheev le Ignatiev. All Russia ea sebetsang le mohlolo 'me mohalaleli Moscow (ea mo etsa mohalaleli lilemo tse 50 ka mor'a lefu la hae), Metropolitan Alexy nakong ea bophelo ba hae o finyeletse katleho e khōlō ka statesman le poteletseng diplomat. Se nang le eena ba ne ba nkoa ka Duchy tsa Lithuania le Horde, eo ho eena o ile a tlameha ho ikopanya le mofuta o mong - Alexis Hanshi Taydulu fola ho tloha lefu leihlo. From 1354 a khethoa hore boemo ba mopatriareka oa Constantinople, Metropolitan tsa Kyiv le All RUS Elevferiy Fodorovich Byakont (lefatšeng) ne a le tšimong ena ho fihlela lefung la hae ka 1378. O ile a theha baitlami 'maloa, ho akarelletsa le Chudov baitlami ka Kremlin. The Kremlin ka boeona ha e qala ho haha ka lejoe. Ntle le baitlami, o ile a theha Spaso-Andronicus, Simonov, Vvedensky Episcopal le Serpukhov matlong a baitlami. O ile a ngola mesebetsi 'maloa ea bolumeli. The liemahale tse halalelang tsa mosebetsi ea mohlolo ka 1947 li ne li isoa ho Bloch Epiphany Cathedral ka Moscow, moo ba ileng ba a bua leshano ho fihlela letsatsing lena.

Metropolitan-ba habo

Ho tloha motsotsong ona ea Kolobetso ya ea Russia 'me ho lekholong la lilemo la XIV, naha e ne e le Metropolitan mong, e leng hlooho ea eona e khethiloeng ka Constantinople. Ya e le hantle, hangata ka ho fetisisa a romeletsa ho metropolitans ba ne ba sa Serussia. Likhosana tsa ka rata ho bona ka poso ena compatriots, hobane pele, ka 1589, o ne a hlahiswa ho Russia ho bopatriareka, metropolitans ema hlooho ea sehlopha se busang kereke, 'me e ngata ho ne ho itšetlehile ka ho bona. Pele Russia hlooho ea kereke Kiev ne Clement (Smolyatich, nakong ea puso 1147-1156). Joale, ka ofisi ne ba boetse ba Bagerike, 'me Bulgarians. Empa ho tloha pusong ea Theodosius (1461-1464), eo ho eona ba ile ba qala nako e autocephaly kereke feletseng ea sechaba ka hlooho ea eona e ne e le boholo ba Russia Metropolitans, ea ileng a tloha ka nako eo e ile ea tsejoa e le "Moscow le All Russia."

Moeta-pele ea hlaheletseng ka mahetla kereke ebile e le mongoli ea neng a siile lefa bohlokoa dingolwa, Theodosius (Byvaltsev) e tumme ka ho ba oa pele oa Moscow Metropolitan e behiloeng Russia khosana le ha Mopatriareka oa Constantinople. Sena ke ka ho fetisisa boemo bo kereke ea Russia Orthodox Church - Metropolitan tsa Moscow, pele ho amoheloa ke bopatriareka ho tloha pusong ea Theodosius ntse a apara Philip ke le Gerontius, Zosima le Simone. Le eena ho ile ha fuoa Barlaam le Daniele, Josefa le Macarius, Athanasius le Philip II, Kirill, Antony le Dionysius. Moscow Metropolitan Jobo o ne a se a ntse a le Mopatriareka pele.