Kyrgyzstan o le lithabeng: tlhaloso, histori le e thahasellisang lintlha tse

Kyrgyz le lithabeng - sena linatla ba matla, ba lekang ho tsoha ka holimo sepakapakeng, slicing litlhōrō tsa maru leqhoa tšoeu. Tours ho libaka tsena tse ratoang haholo har'a Fans ea phomolo e feteletseng, tla mona ba tsoang linaheng tse ngata. Ka tšimo ea Republic Kyrgyz ho na le tse peli tse lithaba: ho Tian Shan le Pamir, nahana ka phahameng ka ho fetisisa Asia.

History ea Kyrgyz le lithabeng

Lithaba sebakeng sena ho buuoa ka 'na mangolong ea boholo-holo le lintlha sa batsamai ba neng ba etela le maeto a ho tikolohong eo, lintlha tseo kaofela ha tsona e ne e le overgrown le litšōmo tse ngata ka lilemo tse makholo.

E 'ngoe ea lipatlisiso pele ho etsa lipatlisiso khanna leeto Semenov ka 1856, e leng entse tlhaloso e qaqileng le sebakeng seo ho ithuta, eo a ileng ae fumana ho tswa ho Russia Tsar hlomphehang phaella ho Semenov-Tien Shan fane. O pele o ile a ea mekoloko chate, tsa utolola letšeng Issyk-Kul, sibolla phiramiti tsa Khan Tengri 'me o fihla glaciers ka sehlopha Tengri-Tag.

E le ho araba potso ea hore na lithaba li ka Kyrgyzstan, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho bona ka mahlo a ka. Mountain ranges ho mona ke Alpine sebaka, tšoauoa ka maporogo e mengata ea thabeng e le telele litlhōrō bohale, a fumanehe ka seoelo a boreleli ho sebaka se hlahang ho yona boholo-holo, hangata ho le tšekamelo ea ho lehlakoreng le leng ka lebaka la phutha ka.

Ka lithabeng, ho na le glaciers tse ngata le scree, lithaba tsohle phahame ho feta limithara tse 3.500 - e hoammeng ka botebo ba 30-100 limithara mafikeng, litlhōrō koahetsoeng ka lehloa, lehloa le mola o ka e bophahamong ba limithara tse 3800-4200, Libakeng tse ling li nkoa e kotsi ka lebaka la avalanches .

Tien-Shan le lithabeng

Le fetoletsoeng e le ho tswa puo eo Machaena ba ba bitsoa "leholimo Lithabeng", eo otlolla ka nģa bochabela-bophirimela le bopilwe mekoloko 88. Tien-Shan lithaba - lithabeng tsa Kyrgyzstan le Kazakhstan, ho nkoa hore e be telele ka ho fetisisa Asia (2800 km). Setsing lona e teng lithaba phahameng ka ho fetisisa: Tlhōlo Peak (7440 limithara) le Khan Tengri tlhōrō (hoo e ka bang 7,000 limithara tse), 'me ho na le 40 litlhōrō ka ba bolelele ba limithara tse dikhubu fetang 6 likete ..

Boholo ba mefuta e fapaneng e teng ka sebaka sa Kyrgyzstan le e arotsoe likarolo 6 of Alpine mofuta. Republic 92% e na le lithaba, maporogo arohane ka leboea ea eona le boroa, li amana pakeng tsa pina Bishkek le Osh. Bolelele karolelano ea maporogo ea 100-300 km le fihla bophara ea 40 km SE. The libaka klimate ba emeloang hoo e ka bang tsohle ho tloha taiga le tundra le majoe ho Meadow Alpine moo makhulo teng karolong e ka boroa ea thaba.

Lithaba tsa Kyrgyzstan kamehla sebelisoa ke climbers le ba ratang lintho tsa tlhaho ho hloa lithaba litlhōrō, pere palama, thaba rafting, ho qala ho tloha mehleng ea Soviet Union. Leha ho le joalo, botle ba tikolohong eo, ho sa tsotellehe bohōle ba sebaka haholo ke tsoelo-pele le ho rarahana phahameng a litsela tsa phetiso, e ba e atile har'a bahahlauli tsohle le climbers.

Liphula le matša

Tien-Shan plurality ea liphula lithaba, tse sebediswa tlas'a fula nonneng hobane koahetsoeng ka joang. Mosikong oa maporogo raliloe hlobolisa likoting Alpine hore fetoloa matša le mekhoabong, e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa tseo ka tsona ke Issyk-Kul.

Ho ea ka bafuputsi, ho Tien-Shan lithaba ha koahetsoeng ka Ice Age glaciers matla haholo, mesaletsa ea tse fumanoa ka mokgwa wa shafts, moraines, cirques le matša. Ba libaka tsena e na le tšimoloho lona linōka tsohle tsa Kyrgyzstan.

Lithaba ntle ka ho fetisisa ka Kyrgyzstan ka selemo, ka May, ha liphula kaofela ba koahetsoeng Color:. Mosehla le o mofubelu lalele, edelweiss le lipalesa tse ling tse ka lithabeng tsa Kyrgyzstan shebahala e sa tloaelehang ka semelo tsa lithaba lehloa-capped.

Lake Issyk-Kul - perela tsa Tien Shan, eo ae phethang e le cavity tebileng (702 limithara) pakeng tsa mekoloko lithaba, ke botebo karolo ea boraro ea metsi ea CIS.

le lithabeng Pamir

drive e 'ngoe ea lithaba tse ka holimo tsa Kyrgyzstan hlahisa karolo e itseng feela ea eona ea ka leboea - ka Pamirs. Thabeng tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ranges ho mona: Zaalai le Turkestan, bophahamo karolelano ea limithara tse 5.5 go sekete, 'me tlhōrō ea phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea Pamirs - Lenin Peak (7134 limithara).

Pamir - e moholo lithaba lefatšeng, teng ka sebaka sa Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan le China. Mona kontinenteng tlelaemete, tlase mongobo bapisoa ho Tien Shan le sunnier. Trans Alai o e-ba bolelele ba 200 km le naheng ea Kyrgyzstan le China tsoela pele litlhōrō e mong 50 km le, e matsutla, likhohlo, esita le ho hōla lihlahla deciduous. Tlhōrō phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya Trans-sepet sepetan Range - Lula tlhōrō (5900 limithara).

Mountains ka Kyrgyzstan: lebitso le tlhaloso ea divertise ho

The litlhōrō phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa Kyrgyzstan, kamehla o ile a etela ke climbers:

• Pobeda Peak - the northerly ho fetisisa tsa lithaba-7-thousanders, e ile ea pele o ile a bula ka 1938, ho na le ba bolelele ba 7439 limithara, e teng ka le moeli oa Chaena ka Kokshaal orilla Too haufi Lake Issyk-Kul. Climbers bitsa e ka ho fetisisa le tšosang le thata ho ba pakela, hobane hlōla e ka feela baatlelete haholo ba tšoanelehang le ho lokisetsa hantle. Bothata ba ho hloa e ikemiselitse leholimo le sehlōhō, bohale moea gusts leboea, matsoapo a moepa ho kopantswe le batang le matla. tlhōrō ena e ile ea pele o ile a re pono bahlōli tlhōrōng ea Khan Tengri ka 1936, e leng ka mor'a lilemo tse 2 tlasa boetapele ba L. Guttman bokane e leeto ho Survey le bulehileng ka holimo le ba ile ba khona ho hlōla ho eona.

• Khan Tengri, eo ka puo Turkic le bolela "Morena oa Sky", oela lekgutshwanyane bophahamo ho fihlela ho 7 sekete feela 5 limithara, empa ho rarahana eketsa ho bona. Le moepa ho climbers ka holimo khomarela thahasellisang tloaelo: sehlopha ka seng sa tsoa fihla scoops beha ke komiki fetileng ka boitsebiso bo bongata mabapi le ho hloa (lebitso, letsatsi), ka nako eo o ile a ngola khutlela hae 'me a digs. Batho ba moo o ile a fa tlhōrō ea lebitso le leng, "Kan-Too" ( "Mali Mountain") bakeng sa palo e kholo ea likotsi li etsahala ka nyolohela ho daredevils. Peak e tumme ka maikutlo a lona bohehang hape.

• Lenin Peak - ka ho fetisisa o ile a etela ka Pamirs, joalokaha hloa e le bonolo 'me ha a na ditlhoko ka tieo ka bophelo ke climbers. Ka puso ea kakaretso, ho fihla kampong e le setsi bahahlauli tsohle fumana ka koloi ho tloha motseng oa Osh.

Mountain litlhōrō tse hanyenyane ka tlase seventhousanders bophahamo:

• Litlhōrō CHapaev (6370 limithara), Przheval'skiy (6450 limithara), Marble leboteng (6400 limithara) le tente (6700 limithara) - tse karolong e bohareng ea Tien-Shan.
• Litlhōrō Karakol (5216 limithara), Nancy (5697 limithara), phiramiti ya (5621 limithara), le ba bang.

Glaciers lithaba libakeng tsa Kyrgyzstan

Ka lithabeng tsa Kyrgyzstan ke glaciers tse ngata:

• Korzeniowski Glacier e teng phuleng ka letsoapong le ka leboea la Trans-sepet sepetan Range, 21,5 km le e telele.
• Lenin thaba ea leqhoa - mefuta lithaba ka beisine karolong e ka leboea ea mefuta e fapaneng e tšoanang, bolelele ba 13,5 km SE, mashano mosikong oa Lenin Peak.
• Glacier Mushketov - e bua ka mofuta sefate-joaloka, teng e bohareng ea Tien Shan, ka e ka leboea letsoapong Sarydzhaz, bolelele ba 20,5 km le, 'me ba bang.

lithaba fetisa

Ho fumana ho tloha phuleng ea molapo o mong ho e mong, o lokela ho sebelisa lithaba makhalong a lithaba tsa Kyrgyzstan tse 'maloa ho bona:

• Bedel - teng ka Tien Shan lithaba, le fetisa ka orilla ea ka moeli oa Kokshaaltau kena Great Silk Road, 'me o ne a tumme hahlaulang tsela pakeng tsa Chaena le Kyrgyzstan, bophahamo ba limithara tse 4284, ka lilemo tse ngata.
• Kyzyl-Art - tseleng e teng ka Pamir Highway, feta le moeli pakeng tsa Kyrgyzstan le Tajikistan, bophahamo ba 4280 limithara, ka karolong e ka leboea ea ho hlaha ha e bonolo le bohehang boroa - le pholile fatše phuleng noka. Markansu.
• Taldyk - fetisetsana connects phula ka leboea ho nōka. Gyulchi le Alayskub - phuleng ea molapo o ka boroa, teng ka Alai Range, bophahamo ba limithara tse 3615 ka ho li beha tseleng e khōlō, e leng e etsa hore motse oa Osh, ka hlakoreng le leng -. The motseng oa Sary-Tash.

lithaba se halalelang sa Suleyman

motse Osh e nkoa e le e ka boroa -moholo oa Kyrgyzstan. Ka 2009, motse oo o ile a phaella mong hohelana - thabeng e halalelang Suleiman-Too (terone ea Suleiman), e neng e nkoa e le ea World Heritage sefika.

histori lona o khutlela lilemo tse fetang lekholo, 'me nakong eo ke tummeng ka sebaka sa bohlokwa e halalelang, e leng se tiisoa ke petroglyphs thabeng. Mamosleme a ntse lumela hore sehalalelo sena e na le moelelo oa boselamose, a le fa batho ba tlang mona le kopo ya, boiketlo, bophelo bo botle, 'me bana ba ho tsohle, eng kapa eng eo u botsa baeti.

Suleiman Mountain ka Osh ka Kyrgyzstan o e-ba bolelele ba hoo e ka bang 1 km le le bolelele ba 1110 limithara Bahahlauli le baeti. Ka tsoela pele le litsela thabeng (bakeng sa tjhelete nyenyane) 'me ba thabela ho oa boahelani litlhōrō le maikutlo a ea motse, teng ka tlase ho.

Sulejman-Too teng libaka tsa borapeli, e mong le e nang le morero ea eona:

• Sirat Bridge - Ho ea ka tšōmo, e leng tsela ea ho meea e, eo ka eona a ka feta feela monna se na sebe.
• Sep-Beshik - a qalang 2 limithara ka bophara, e tsamaelanang le tsoalo ea halofo e motšehali oa moloko oa batho.
• Tamchy Tamare - lesoba, ba siea ka botebo ba 8 limithara, e thusang hlaphoheloa ho tswa ho kgaolela basadi thari le mafu a leihlo.
• Max Tash - qalang Karst, o tšoara mafu a ka manonyeletso.
• Bel-Tash - ka poleiti hae limithara tse 3 telele, bohareng chute makhalo, bakeng sa ho phekoloa mafu a ba morao o lokela ho khanna bonyane ka makhetlo a 3 hore ka katleho etsa bana le batho ba hōlileng.
• Bash Tash - lesoba haufi tseleng, ho ea ka litšōmo, tšoarang hlooho.

Ka holimo a Suleiman ema le ntlo ea thapelo "Ntlo ea Babur", e hahiloeng lekholong la bo15 la lilemo le ho tsosolosa ka ho batho ba sebaka sena ka 1989, e ile ea hahoa ka hare thabeng musiamo le fumanoe mesebetsi ea matsoho ea moo.

Lithaba hohela bahahlauli

Kyrgyzstan - e leng naha e ka Asia Bohareng, tseo hohela bahahlauli le lithabeng tseo lona maneha le e ntle, e nang le histori, setso sa tloaelehang le lineano tse thahasellisang. Ho nkoa thabeng paradeise bakeng hloang, climbers le ba ratang ho tsamaea: mona ba sebakeng e behiloeng ea divertise hore ba leke ho hlōla hloa chesehelang ho fumana e le sehlooho sa "Snow Leopard", mona mariha le lehlabula ka koetlisa skiers, ho etsa maeto a le descents hammoho linōka bahahlauli le ba ratang bohahlauli feteletseng .

Kyrgyzstan Mountains - naha ea glaciers le masimo tse koahetsoeng ke lehloa le litlhōrō, linōka moferefere, matša a maputsoa, e mengata e khahlehang Alpine makhulo le mebala e khanyang 'me litlama monko o monate, tse fapa-fapaneng ea limela le liphoofolo.