Dust lifefo: bakang, liphello. Moo ho na le lerōle lifefo?

liketsahalo tsena klimate etsa monehelo bohlokoa ho tšilafalo ea sepakapaka sa lefatše. Ke e mong oa ba bangata ba hlollang ketsahalo tsa tlhaho hore bo-rasaense ka potlako fumana tlhaloso e bonolo.

Tsena e bohloko klimate ketsahalo - le lerole le lifefo. Bakeng sa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng mabapi le bona e tla tšohloa sehloohong se latelang.

tlhaloso

Lerōle kapa lehlabathe sefefo - ka phetiso ketsahalo tjhelete e khōlō tsa lehlabathe le lerōle phahameng meea e, tsamaea le ho senyeha bohale ponahalo. Ka tloaelo ho, liketsahalo tsena e simolohe ho naha.

Sena libakeng tse omeletseng tsa lefatše, moo moea maqhubu tsoele maru a matla ka lerōle ka leoatleng. Ho feta moo, ho emela le kotsi e khōlō ho motho haholo-holo ka naha, ba leha ho le joalo haholo tsa fokodisa ho sebeletsa pepeneneng ea moea, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho boloka holim 'a leoatle ho tloha sebaka.

Lisosa tsa Lerōleng Bowl

taba tsohle ka mocheso bohloko haholo, ka lebaka la ho matla omisa mobu, 'me joale e ntan'o ba holim lera roba nyolohela likaroloana tse nyenyane, e lata ke meea e matla.

Empa leru la lerole lifefo qala ha itseng makgabane mahlonoko tseo ho leng ea lebelo moea, ho itšetlehile ka sebaka le mobu mohaho oo. Ka nako e ngata ba qala ka lebelo moea ka mefuta e fapaneng 10-12 limithara / s. A mobu fokolang ka lifefo loess leru la lerole etsahala lehlabula, esita le ka lebelo la 8 limithara / s, bonyane ka 5 limithara / s.

boitšoaro bo

Ka nako ea lifefo fapana ho ea metsotso e ho matsatsi a 'maloa. Hangata ka ho fetisisa, nako e lekanngoa ka mor'a lihora tse. Ka mohlala, ka sebakeng sa Aral Sea 80 hora sefefo e tlalehiloe.

Mora nyamele sa lisosa tsa lipono tse makatsang tsa hlalosoa e phahamisa lerōle la holim 'a lefatše ke ka moea boemong ba ho emisitswe bakeng sa lihora tse seng kae, mohlomong matsatsi. Maemong ana, boima ba sona e khōlō phetiso ea phallo moea ka makholo le esita le tse likete tse km. E mong ea bitsoang ka moea holim'a sebaka se selelele ho tloha lerōle mohloding o bitsoa advective haze. moea boima e chesang e mongobo ea moholi isoa karolong e ka boroa ea Russia le ho pholletsa le Europe ho tloha Afrika (libakeng tse ka leboea) le Bochabela bo Hare. A melapo bophirimela, hangata e etsa leru la lerole tse joalo tse tsoang China (bohareng le leboea) ka Pacific lebōpong le, 'me joalo-joalo. D.

mala

Dust lifefo na le mefuta e fapaneng ya mebala e itšetlehile ka sebopeho mobu le 'mala. Ho na le lifefo ka mebala e latelang:

• ba batsho (mobu o motsho tsa libaka ka boroa le boroa-ka bochabela ea European Russia, Orenburg sebakeng le Bashkortostan);
• mosehla 'me sootho (tloaelehileng tsa United States le Asia Bohareng - loam le lehlabathe loam);
• khubelu (khubelu mebala-bala oxides tšepe mobu oa Afghanistan le lehoatata MoIran;
• tšoeu (letsoai mokhoabo oo Kalmykia libakeng tse ling tsa Turkmenistan le sebakeng Volga).

lifefo Geography

The ketsahalo ea lifefo le lerole le hlaha libakeng tse fapaneng tsa lefatše. Sebaka se ka sehloohong sa kabo le ke seka ea lehoatata e chesang e mongobo 'me mocheso libaka klimate, le hemispheres bobeli ea lefatše.

Ka kakaretso, poleloana e reng "lerōleng sefefo" e sebediswa ha e le hlaha ka loam kapa ba mobu o letsopa. Ha e le hlaha ka mahoatateng lehlabathe (mohlala, Sahara, Kyzylkum, Karakum joalo-joalo.), Hape le likaroloana tse nyenyane, moea jarelang ba limilione moea lithane tse le likaroloana tse khōloanyane (lehlabathe), se poleloana e reng "lehlabathe sefefo" le sebelisitsoe.

Khafetsa le lerole le lifefo etsahala Balkhash le sebakeng Aral Sea (ka boroa Kazakhstan), karolong e ka bophirimela ea Kazakhstan, Leoatleng la Caspian, e Karakalpakstan le Turkmenistan.

Moo ho na le lerōle lifefo ka Russia? Hangata ka ho fetisisa ba etsahala Astrakhan le Volgograd libaka, ka Tuva, Kalmykia, hammoho le ka Altai le Trans-Baikal masimong. Linakong tsa komello nako e telele, lifefo ka ba le (sa selemo le selemo) ka morung-steppe le steppe ka libaka ea Chita, Buryatia, Tuva, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Samara, Voronezh le Rostov libaka, Krasnodar le Stavropol libakeng, ka Crimea, 'me ba bang.

Mehloli e ka sehloohong ea ho haze lerōle Leoatleng Arabia - ke tsa lehoatata tsa Hloahloeng ea Arabia le Afrika. Tlase tsenyo e libaka tsena tlisa sefefo Iran, e Pakistan le India.

Ka Leoatleng la Pacific le lerole le lifefo tsoele Machaena.

liphello tlholeho ya Lerōleng Bowl

Lipono tse makatsang tsa hlalosoa e ka susumelletsa litutulu e khōlō le ho fetisetsa e ngata ka lerōle e le hore karolo e ka pele le ka hlaha ka le letšo-letšo 'me a phahameng leboteng le lerole le (ho fihlela ho 1,6 km.). Tsoang Sahara ea lehoatata lifefo li tsejoa e le "sandstorm", "Khamsin" (Egepeta le Iseraele) le "habub" (Sudan). Hangata ka Sahara lifefo etsahala karolo e sekoti 'me Bodélé Moruo komponeng Mali meeli Mauritania le Algeria.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ka lebaka la ho lilemo tse 60 tse fetileng lenane la lifefo Sahara le lerole le eketseha hoo e ka bang 10 linako tse ling, ho etsa hore e le phokotso e khōlō ka botenya ba lera holim 'a mobu ka Chad, Nigeria. Ka papiso e lokela ho hlokomela hore ka Mauritania ka 60 a lekholo tse fetileng etsahetseng tse peli feela le lerole le lifefo, 'me hona joale selemo ho na le e hlokometse ka lifefo 80.

Bo-rasaense, environmentalists lumela hore ho hloka boikarabelo boikutlo bo ho libakeng tse omeletseng ea Lefatše, ka ho khetheha, ho hlokomoloha tsamaiso ya ba chenchana lijalo, feto-fetohe etsa hore keketseho e libakeng tsa lehoatata le ho fetoha ha tlelaemete profinseng ea Lefatše ka tekanyo ea lefatše lohle.

litsela tsa ho sebetsana

Dust lifefo, hammoho le tse ling tse ngata liketsahalo tsa tlhaho hore lematsa haholo. E le hore ba fokotsa kapa esita le ho thibela liphello tsa bona tse bohloko lokela sekaseka sebaka - liphallelo, microclimate, atileng moea tataiso mona le ho phetha mesebetsi e amana le hore e ne e tla fokotsa lebelo moea haufi holim fatše le ho eketseha mamarello ya likaroloana mobu.

Ho fokotsa lebelo moea, ho phetha mesebetsi e itseng. Hohle entse tsamaiso ea mabanta bolulo le mapheo. Haholo ama eketseha mamarello ya likaroloana mobu fa ha ho-ho fihlela li lema, litlhaka le letšehali, joang perennial, hlobolisa ea joang perennial patiwa le lijalo lijalo selemo le selemo.

Ba bang ba tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa lehlabathe le lerōle lifefo

Ka mohlala, re u fa lethathamo la tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa lehlabathe le lerōle lifefo:

• Ka 525 BC. e. Ho latela Herodotus, ka Sahara nakong sandstorm a e-shoa 50000th lebotho la morena o ile Cambyses oa Persia.
• Ka 1928 ka Ukraine moea tšabehang phahamisa Bole limilione tse 15. Lithane tsa mobu ba batsho ho tloha sebakeng se seng ba limilione tse 1 sq. Km, eo lerōleng e se e ba ile ba fallela ka Carpathians, Romania, 'me Poland, moo ba ile ba lula.
• Ka 1983, sefefo se matla ka ho fetisisa ho ea ka leboea ea naha ea Victoria Australia e koahela motse oa Melbourne.
• Lehlabuleng la 2007 ka Karachi le Baluchistan le liprofinseng Sindh ho ne ho e-na le sefefo le matla le lipula tsa likhohola tse ileng tsa latela ho eona, ba ile ea etsa hore lefu la batho ba ka bang 200.
• Ka May 2008, ka Mongolia e loketseng ho sona lehlabatheng sefefo bolaea batho ba 46.
• Ka September 2015, le tšabehang "Sharav" (sandstorm) hoholoa fetang sebakeng seo e khōloanyane ea Bochabela bo Hare le Afrika Leboea. Ka thata otla Iseraele, Egepeta, Palestina, Lebanone, Jordane, Saudi Arabia le Syria. Ho ne ho mahlatsipa.

Qetellong, a batla a ea lifefo extraterrestrial leru la lerole

Mars le lerole le lifefo etsahala tjena. Ka lebaka la ho phapang e matla ho mocheso pakeng tsa leqhoa botenya le moea mofuthu ka bohale ba ka boroa Polar cap, polanete ea Mars ho na le matla moea, maru le lerole le ho phahamisa ea tonanahali e khubelu-e sootho. 'Me bonang! Ho na le le liphello tse ling tsa lona. Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore Mars leru la lerole le ka phetha karolo e tšoanang le maru lefatšeng. Futhumatsang sepakapakeng le hlaha ka absorption ea khanya a letsatsi ke lerōle.