Drainage sesebediswa monya metsi

The ya boleng ntlafatso ya jareteng ea ntlo e poraefete kapa sebakeng ea teropong ke ke ha khoneha ntle tsamaiso ea drainage, haholo-holo haeba ba ne ba ba teng libakeng tse moo pula e ka holimo metsi karolelano kapa fatše tla haufi le holim'a metsi. Feteletseng mongobo - ha ho feela seretseng matangoana le kamehla, empa le lona le kotsi ho teba ka metheo ea meaho.

A sehloohong sena a re tla bua ka seo ke sesebediswa ea litsamaiso drainage tsa sebakeng seo ea teropong kapa jareteng ea ntlo e poraefete. Ho phaella moo, re tla sheba hore na mefuta e mengata ea mehaho e drainage ke le kamoo e tla chelete ho hlomella seteishining sa le tsamaiso ea joalo.

ke tsamaiso ea drainage seo

Drainage (drainage) Tsamaiso - e rarahaneng teleskopbomlift kapa ka tlas'a lefatše metjha e ne a rerile hore ho tlosoa ha mongobo feteletseng. Ka mantsoe a mang, ho ke ke e artificially a bōpa metsi phallo, oo ka oona ka metsing tse holim fatše kapa ka har'a eona e outputted kantle fapaneng esale pele. Ka tsoelang ba larileng ka tse tharo feela maikemisetso ka sehloohong:

• phokotso ho etselitsoeng boleng boemo ba tlase ho lefatshe;
• pokello le tlosa metsi qhibiliha;
• pokello le drainage ea metsi, se hlahileng ka lebaka la dipaterone, nako e telele pula e.

Kahoo ke ile ka lokela ho ba le drainage

Haeba u lula sebakeng se mofuthu moo lehloa - e sa tloaelehang haholo, pula ea linako 2-3 selemo, 'me metsi fatše ba sebakeng ka ka botebo ba limithara tse 50, drainage sesebediswa u letho. Empa haeba ntlo ea hao kapa Cottage ya sebakeng sa latitudes bohareng, moo nakong ea mariha lehloa le selemo le hoetla pula, ke ke a etsa ntle le bona. 'Me e se feela hore mongobo ka tsela e feteletseng baka bang tšitiso,' me ha ho tsela e molemo ka ho fetisisa ama limela ho hōla setšeng. Metsi le kenella ka hare ka mapetsong tsa motheo lapeng ka hatsele, ho atolosa le ho ba ka tsela eo ho timetsa ba motheo oa mohaho. Fatše metsi, atamela ntlha tlaase-tlaase tsa motheo ka tlatsetsa subsidence ea mobu tlas'a sona, 'me sena isang ponahalo ea mapetsong ka maboteng a mehaho.

Ho latela ditlhoko tsa Guidelines bakeng sa moralo le ho monya metsi sesebediswa (2000), drainage sesebediswa tlamang:

• sebediswa makala recessed teng ka tlase ho balwa boemo ba tlase ho lefatshe hammoho le ha feteng fatše ka holimo e tlaase bonyane limithara tse 5;
• mehaho e patoa le sebelisitsoe ka letsopa loam mobu le, ho sa natswe boemo tlase ho lefatshe;
• botekgeniki sekhukhu (ka tlaase) Ntlafatso ka letsopa loam mobu le ka lepato bona limithara tse fetang 1.5, ho sa natswe boemo tlase ho lefatshe;
• meaho tsohle le mehaho, tse teng libakeng tsa capillary mongobo, haeba ba ne ba sebelisoa ka thata a mongobo le mocheso maemo a.

Motheong ofe ke manolotsoeng ea tsamaiso drainage

Sesebediswa drainage tsamaiso ea le stormwater etsoa motheong oa boitsebiso:

• litšobotsi tsa mobu le sebopeho sa mobu;
• palo karolelano ea metsi ho precipitate jwalo;
• tlase ho lefatshe boemong ba sebakeng se itšetlehile ka hore na nako ea selemo.

Fumana tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le e ka fetoha ka kopo ho lefapha la (karohano) sebaka naha (setereke).

Types of drainage

The sesebediswa ya drainage le drainage tsamaiso ea akarelletsa ho sebelisa mefuta e meraro ea mehaho e:

• bula;
• koetsoeng;
• Lefisa.

E mong le e sa dibopeho tse maemong a itseng, ka sebetsana ka katleho le a khaotsa ho tsuba ba mongobo feteletseng ka tsela e atlehang.

bulehileng drainage

Sethusathuto bulehileng tsamaiso ea drainage - the bonolo ka le atileng ka ho fetisisa mofuta ofe omisa seteishene. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea tsoelang ka - metjha e bulehileng (tsekalalitsoeng ka har'a foro) cheka pota pherimitha ya. Hangata ba ba le bophara ea 0.5 limithara 'me la cheka ka botebo ba 0.6-0.7 m. Tsekalalitsoeng ka har'a foro metshetshe ba khaola a sa le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya likhato tse 30 metsing ka ho ne ho le bonolo ho kenya.

Matlakala metsi bokelloeng potolohong holim offtake lona oela lesenke, e leng outputs bona ho off-saeteng ka ho toba etselitsoe tsoelang letamo kapa ka sewers bohareng sefefo.

e mong le e mabota le kanaleng matlafatsoa ka litene kapa ka konkreiti. Ho ena le ho thepa tsena khale li sebelisoa e khethehileng le disebediswa tse morao-rao - diterei la, o ile a ea ka konkreiti e tšoanang kapa polasetiki. E le hore le kanaleng e sa a makala a, makhasi, majoe, ka linako tse ling ka holim'a eona e koahetsoe ka mekoallo nepo boholo bo lekaneng.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore joalo tsamaiso drainage ka lebaka la ho sebopeho lona a ke ke a sebelisoa ho boemo tlase ho lefatshe theola. Ho e atlehang feela dewatering e, precipitating ka sebōpeho sa pula, 'me libakeng tse teng ka letsoapong le.

Litsenyehelo tsa ho ba tsamaiso sesebediswa bulehileng drainage e fokolang haholo. Kaho ea jwalo sebopeho sa kenyeletswe moralo theko o pota 1000-1200 li-ruble ka mitha.

subsurface drainage

Ha tlase ho lefatshe e haufi haholo ho holim'a metsi, tharollo e molemohali ke mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa drainage ea koetsoeng mofuta. li entseng ka eona e fana ka bakeng sa rala tsamaiso ya liforo 0.3-0.4 limithara ka bophara ka ka botebo ba 1.5 m. Ba cheka ka slant ka nģa ea liliba drainage. Koetsoeng drainage metjha e ntle o ile a lokisetsa hammoho pherimitha ya, 'me hangata e fana metjha e ka hare ho lokeng ho pota karolo e ka mokgwa wa herringbone.

Ea botlaaseng ba e mong le e foro fetang bolelele kaofela tsa lera ea pele ea lehlabathe e tletse, 'me - ka mor'a hore maloanlahla lera. Ka holim'a ena "cushion" liphaephe khethehileng drainage ba beha, phuthetsoe ka geotextile. Top tube, e tletse maloanlahla hape kgolo molao e ka holimo metsi behang lera. Tlatsang moralo ea mobu kapa tlelapo ya reisisi bolo.

drainpipe ke eng

Ho fihlela lilemong tse seng kae tse fetileng liphaephe drainage entsoe ka asbestos-samente kapa ceramic. Ha ho pelaelo hore tsamaiso ea drainage moralo hlokahala e le dipeeletso tsa bohlokoa, 'me ka linako tse ling ha ho phethahatsoa ka tsona. Kajeno, tsohle e bonolo haholo. kaho polasetiki hoo e batlang e nkeloa sebaka asbestos le letsopa. Morao-rao phala bakeng sa drainage - ke e ka tšeptjoang le tsoarellang elements, habonolo mounted le lokisoe.

Nyehlisitsoe u ka fumana mefuta e 'meli ea lipeipi: polasetiki tlwaelehileng perforated le masenke. Ea bobeli ke tsoarellang ho feta ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea stiffeners.

liphaephe Drainage ba beha lehlabathe, clayey kapa loamy mobu, pele ho pokano le geotextile phuthetsoe. Sena se etsoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore likaroloana mobu u se ke ua clog ho buleha ka tse mongobo seeps. Ka mantsoe a mang, e geotextile filtara etsa ka mofuta mosebetsi.

Litsenyehelo tsa ho ba kaho ea tsamaiso ea koetsoeng drainage e phahame haholo. Ho na le ka ho ya ka mitha tla lokela ho lefa 1500-2000 li-ruble. Khakanyo sesebediswa drainage e boetse e akarelletsa theko phala le geotextiles. Litšenyehelo karolelano ka mitha ea phala 40 li-ruble, ha geotextile sa - 30 li-ruble / m. n g. The kahong ea botebo sekoti tsa 3 le bophara ya theko 1 mitha ka bang 400 tse sekete. li-ruble.

lefisa drainage

Unit ea tsamaiso drainage setšeng ka matsoho a hae e molemo ka ho fetisisa finyelloa ka ho sebelisa rarollela drainage. Structurally, ho fapane le ho koetsoeng e le hore e ha e sebelise phala efe kapa efe. karolo ea bona e etsoang ke ka lehlohlojane kgolo kapa litene robehile. Top lera - difaene maloanlahla le reisisi. Botebo ba liforo le lefelo la metjha e le tšoana le hore a drainage koetsoeng.

Metsi percolating tloha holim'a metsi ka tsekalalitsoeng ka har'a foro kapa tsoha boemong ba tlaase, kena le kanaleng le susumelletsa obliquely ka nģa ea tsoelang ka hantle. Fuoa hore pakeng tsa maloanlahla kgolo thehoa sebaka se nang, metsi a ha e kopana le hoo e batlang e le tseleng ea eona ho se hanyetsa, kahoo ho ka bokgoni ba ho tsamaiso ea drainage ha le fe sewerage koaloa. Empa litheko bakeng sa mofuta sesebediswa magweregwere a ea tsamaiso drainage ke haholo ka tlaase hobane ha e kenyeletsa theko ea geotextiles, liphaephe le lumellane le tsona.

Pherimitha drainage mehaho

Haeba e ikemiselitse hore tlase ho lefatshe e haufi haholo ho holim 'a mobu sebakeng seo, ho ke ke bohlokoa ho nahana ka mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ea haufi-leboteng drainage. E tla thusa ho sireletsa ea mesebetsi ea motheo oa thuto ka ho mapetsong le subsidence tlas'a. Tshohanyetso, boemo tlase ho lefatshe ka hoo e ka bang e behilweng ke lekanya hole ho tloha holimo ho ea metsi ka ea hantle tloaelehileng. U se ke ua lebala ho nka hloko ka nako e tšoanang e ka tekanyo ea selemo ho ba bonnete ba hore ho tsoha ka lebaka la ho meltwater ena.

Drainage sesebediswa drainage tsamaiso e khopo ho tloha motheong oa mohaho oo o qala ka tlhaloso ya pata ntlha lona tlaase-tlaase. Ka mantsoe a mang, re lokela ho tseba kamoo tebileng motheong tsoela ka fatše. tsamaiso e khopo Drainage buelloa ho ba le botebo ba bonyane 0.5 limithara ho tloha botebong ba ntlha mohaho ona o botlaaseng. Feela tabeng ena, le tlase ho lefatshe tla lokolloa pele ba fihla motheong.

The sesebediswa oona tsamaisong drainage ho pota ntlo e qala ka ho cheka liforo hammoho pherimitha ya ka e leng sebaka sa 0.5-0.7 limithara ho tswa ho lerako. E le hore metsi a ha e stagnate, metjha e lokela ho ba le leeme la itseng ka nģa ea tokisetso ea liliba drainage. Haeba site se na le a tsoelang, Trim le drainage ka tlisoa ho eona.

motheo oona tsamaisong drainage e hahoa ka molao-motheo e tšoanang e le subsurface drainage, e r. f. tšebeliso ea lipeipi e khethehileng perforated crocked ka geotextiles.

Ho sireletsa e le setsi sa mehaho ha hoa lekana hore feela ba sebelisa drainage. Hlokahala ho phaella ho e lokela ho a hlomelloa le tsamaiso ea tsoelang eo tla lebisa metsi livnevki. Ka nako e tšoanang ho kopana litsamaiso tse peli Leha ho le joalo ho ke ke ha khoneha, ho tla lebisa ho baka mathata. Tabeng ea palo e khōlō ea pula drainage feela ho ke ke sebetsana ka katleho le bothata bona, e leng se tla etsa hore ya bohlokwa holimo-wetting mobu ho pota motheong.

leeme le manolotsoeng

The ka bokgoni ba ho khelosoa metsi ho tswa ho le metheo le site ya ka kakaretso ke haholo-holo itšetlehile ka mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng o nepahetseng oa letsoapong, e leng e phahameng ha e le molemo. E lokela ho ba leeme? Bonyane boetse maemong boleng ba palo ena bakeng sa mobu clayey ke 2 limilimithara, ha ho lehlabathe le - limilimithara 3 ka ho ya ka thulaganyo ya tsamaiso mitha guttate. Empa ka mokhoa ona, hangata ka ho fetisisa etswa ka letsoapong la limilimithara 5-7 ka mitha. Bakeng sa manolotsoeng lona e nkiloeng bolelele kaofela drainage ho, ho tloha ntlha phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea eona 'me ho jella ka hantle. Haeba, ka mohlala, bolelele ba eona e limithara tse 20, bonyane balwa letsoapong e lokela ho ba 0,4 limithara, 'me e sebetsang - 1-1.5 m.

liphoso tloaelehile sesebediswa drainage

liphoso tse latelang, hangata e lumelloa ka kaho ea tsamaiso ea drainage:

• Drainage sesebediswa Moeli o ntle drainage tsamaiso e khopo;
• tshebediso ya methapo drainage ka geotextile matsoelintsoeke ka loamy lehlabathe mobu kapa letsopa;
• sebelisa ka ho qapa litsamaiso tse drainage sebakeng sa maemo mokelikeli le batalatsa theodolite;
• livnestochnyh hlongoa liliba drainage ho fapana.