A mabapi tsitsitseng masapo ... Ho e mabapi la masapo a tsitsitseng?

Masapo motho ka 'mele oa motho a amanang le mong le e tse ling tse ka e le' ngoe masapo le mesifa, ligaments, cartilages. Ba fana ka eona li ama le matla, 'me maemong a mangata,' me tsamaiso. Hoo e ka bang masapo 'ohle a' mele oa motho ka ho toba tse hlalositsweng molaong le e mong le e tse ling.

Types of mabapi masapo

Ho na le mefuta e 3 ea dikgokelo pakeng tsa masapo: tsitsitseng, selefouno le seka-fallisetseng. lengolo la A tokoloho itšetlehile ka mofuta le sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse teng pakeng tsa masapo. E ka amahanya bona ka thata haholo, fana ka e fokolang tenyetsehang ya kgokelo kapa mengata e fapaneng tshisinyo:

1. Leha ho le joalo komponeng lesapo atisa ho thehoa ka logan bona, ho ke ke bath bakeng sa motsamao o fokolang oa ho hloka ka ho feletseng kapa tsamaiso e nyenyane.
2. Metsoako teng seka-fallisetseng pakeng dikgokelo ema le selefouno.
3. Bakeng sa dikgokelo selefouno ke manonyello, ba na le boikarabelo ka nyenyenyane ho tsamaea ka 'mele.

le mabapi tsitsitseng

A mabapi tsitsitseng na masapo lehata le noka batho. Manonyeletso pakeng tsa bona ke lera tšesaane tsa seam tlohang kapa lefufuru. Ho hlahloba mofuta o komponeng, ho na le seams toothed, a bataletse 'me flake. Kaofela ha bona ke sebaka sa la masapo lehata le hlwaya cushioning e le hantle ka nako ya mokhatlo oa.

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore le mabapi tsitsitseng na masapo lehata masapo sireletsa e tsoa ho e boemo ba leholimo ka ntle boko le makala a kutlo, hammoho le theha litšobotsi tsa sefahleho. The ntle le mabaka a feela ba fallela temporomandibular nizhechelyustnye manonyeletso hore hokela lehata le mohlahare o tlaase.

Sebōpeho sa masapo lehata

Ka lehata le ho na le 2 likarohano kgolo:

• E mong oa bona, boko bo e hahoa masapo 8 hore sireletsa boko 'me litsebe ka hare. masapo a hae 'ohle a kokangana magato aa dinama tse nyenyane tse fibrous - manonyeletso.
• sefahleho A na le masapo a 14, moo nko, molomo le mahlo. Bones tsa sefahleho sebakeng hlalosang tšobotsi ea sefahleho batho. The nasal cavity e arotsoe dihalofo tse pedi ditshwani osteochondral septum. hlomelang a manyenyane masatsoana bitsoa turbinates, qobelloa phallo a moea o tlang le mofuthu e tlhotliloeng, ba siea le lerole le mucous le likokoana-hloko. Sena hape e qala ho sinuses.

A mabapi tsitsitseng ea lesapo na le lera tšesaane ea dinama tse nyenyane tse fibrous, e phetha karolo ea ea sekhomaretsi. Ke le letšo-letšo fibrous sebopeho e etsang ba immobile. Jwalo mabapi tsepamisitsoeng la masapo a bitsoa synarthrosis. Synarthrosis fumanoa lehata, tse kang manonyeletso hae le dinama tse nyenyane tse connective pakeng tsa bona. Ke kamoo ho kopantswe le masapo e mong le tse ling tsa lehata le meno le mekoti mehlahare.

seka-fallela komponeng

Ho batho, 7 cervical vertebrae, eo ho na le tse peli tse ka holimo Atlanta le axial. Atlanta - ka tšepe lesale, e beha boima eohle ea lehata batho. lebitso la hae, ka tsela eo, e nehetsoeng ho titan tšōmong tšoere ka mahetleng ho ea ho Vault oa leholimo. Ho leboha ho articulation tsa atlelase le lehata le, motho a ka nod. A vertebra axial kapa epistrophe bopa ya leino holimo, ho pota eo a dikologela hammoho le atlelase lehata.

Hokela seka-fallela masapo ke lefufuru, empa lefufuru ke motenya ho na le tebang cavity. Limited tsamaiso ya metsoako tsena ke ka lebaka la ho etsa lipoleiti lefufuru le lithapo rekere.

Synchondrosises - dikgokelo sa seka-fallisetseng pakeng tsa masapo a isa tekanyong e nyenyane haholo ea tsamaiso. metsoako lefufuru ba feela tsamaiso e loketseng ho elasticity ea lefufuru la, lesapo tlamang. Ka mohlala, seka-fallela'moho le lesapo la nang dikahlolo symphysis, koalang ho noka ka pele le discs lesapo la mokokotlo. Lisele lefufuru arohantsoe ke ntho intercellular hore hangata e bopa e foreime tiileng, e le hore ho phetha tlamme, ho tšehetsa le mosebetsi sireletsang.

mabapi cartilaginous

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea lefufuru:

1. Hyaline (kang khalase) - e atileng ka ho fetisisa. O matla haholo, le boreleli, type genus. Ho bopa masapo tsa embryo 'me batho ba baholo - e le karolo ea likhopo, tšehetso ho hema le masapo tse hlalositsweng molaong articular bokaholimo. Ho thahasellisang ke hore masapo fetal le bopilwe haholo-holo ya jwalo lefufuru tenyetsehang, eo butle-butle develops ka dinama tse nyenyane tse masapo. Bakiloeng ea lefufuru pakeng tsa diaphysis le epiphyses ossify feela lilemo tse 25. Ho phaella moo, ha kaofela ha ossified lefufuru masapo. O hlola ka ho ka bokaholimo articular la masapo, nko le litsebe.
2. The fibrous (fibrous) - whitish ka 'mala. E na ho feta collagen likhoele le mefuta e metsoako le tsamaiso e fokolang, e kang o tlohang discs intervertebral. Tsena cartilaginous intervertebral discs ka hanyenyane a petetswa le phomola hamonate, empa fana ka fetoha le maemo la mokokotlo ka lebaka la ho multiplicity lona.
3. Rekere (letlooeng) - yellowish ka 'mala. Ho bontšang palo e khōlō ea likhoele elastin, e fanang ka e tenyetsehe. Ho bopa masapo ba tsebe 'me la' metso ea.

Collagen - ka tsoarellang haholo le tenyetsehang lintho tse bonahalang, e leng motheo wa lisele fetisisa connective hore hokela ea arolelana, le sireletsa litho tsa bohlokoa. Tsena li akarelletsa lesapo, lefufuru, dinama tse nyenyane tse fibrous.

A mabapi tsitsitseng masapo: mehlala

Bua ka kamano e tsitsitseng la masapo a, u lokela ho emisa ka synostosis hore thehoa ho tswa syndesmoses le synchondrosises le lilemo. Tabeng ena, e dinama tse nyenyane tse connective kapa lefufuru pakeng tsa masapo a ba bang ba fetoloa masapo.

Ho joalo, masapo a senyepa pelvic - ke mohlala oa kamoo masapo a tsitsitseng dikgokelo. Ba etsa ntho e 'ngoe ka sebōpeho sa sekotlolo,' me ho sireletsa litho tsa tšehetsa mpa tlaase. lebanta lena le ka mamella mejaro e ngata haholo le noka e kopanetsoeng cavity e tebileng haholo ho feta lehetleng, kahoo, ho ke tse ling tse ngata tsitsitseng.

Mohlala, coccyx e entsoeng ka 3-5 rudimentary vertebrae ba fused le lilemo ka ho e le 'ngoe kgutlotharo masapo. E mong mohlala synostosis protrude seams overgrown kapa fontanel lesea. Sena synostosis fisioloji.

Empa bakeng sa ba bang ba mafu a ba lesapo ossification tsa sesebediswa se feela lefufuru dinama tse nyenyane tse ka etsahala, empa hape ba bang ba manonyeletso. Sena synostosis pathological. Movement ka ossification joalo ka tlhaho le siyo.